Renal Q:Diseases of tubules/interstitium:

What is the most common cause of acute renal failure? ____________________

What are the two major causes of ATN? ___________+____________

Define Oliguria_____________________________________________________________

What would you expect the pertinent labs to say in a patient suffering from ATN (UA/urine chemistry)?

T/F: widespread necrosis of the tubules is present in ATN

Toxic or Ischemic ATN?

·         Which type of ATN is more common? ____

·         The straight segment of PCT in primarily affected (+thick ascending limb of loop of henle) and appears dilated with flattening of individual epithelial cells and loss of brush border (distilazation) __

·         Typically affects entire proximal portion of nephron with patchy involvement of ascending limb (loop of henle) +/- distal tubule_____

How is ATN treated? Is it permanent?

What causes acute vs chronic pyelonephritis? What would you look for in the urine to support your diagnosis?

What bacteria is the most common cause of UTIs?

Match the following:

A.      Acute pyelonephritis

B.      Chronic pyelonephritis

C.      Papillary necrosis

D.      Pyonephrosis

E.       Perinephric abscess

        I.            Irregularly scarred kidneys corticomedullary scar overlying dilated/deformed calyx _____

      II.            Patchy interstitial suppurative inflammation which begins as limited to the interstitium à destroys tubulesà extends along nephrons/Collecting tubules:________

    III.            Following complete obstruction a suppurative exudates fills the pelvicalyceal system ____

    IV.            A complication of acute pyelonphritis that is commonly seen in diabetic and urinary tract obstruction ___

      V.            Presents as pain at costovertebral angle, bladder symptoms, and evidence of infection___

    VI.            Forms due to suppurative inflammation extending through the renal capsule à perinephric tissue ____

What are the two forms of chronic pyelonephritis?

Tubulointerstitial nephritis can be induced by drugs/toxins: name 2 ways injury is induced:

        I.             

      II.             

    III.             

Which drugs maybe associated with drug-induced interstitial nephritis?